PK Asia Pacific Updated 2026-08-20

Pakistan Geothermal Screening

Geothermal screening assessment identifies 14% prospective land reaching 185°C by 5.5 km depth in Pakistan.

Key Geothermal Metrics

Land Reaching 185°C by 5.5 km Moderate
14%

Primary baseline screening criterion

Shallowest Depth to 200°C Deep Target
6.1 km

Minimum drill depth for high enthalpy

Peak Temperature at 5 km Depth Direct Heat
169.2 °C

Maximum modeled temperature

Typical Geothermal Gradient Elevated
33.4 °C/km

Average to 5 km depth (15°C surface)

Grid Connectable Prospective Area High Accessibility
96.7%

Hot territory within 50 km transmission

Stored Heat In-Place (3–7 km) 1 ZJ = 10²¹ Joules
299 ZJ

Thermal volume in place (>80°C baseline)

Depth vs. Temperature Matrix (% Land Area)

Proportion of national territory exceeding target isotherm at specified depth

0.1° Inversion Grid
Isotherm 3.0 km 4.0 km 5.0 km 6.0 km 7.0 km 8.0 km
150°C 2.1% 3.8% 6.3% 7% 11.4% 12.1%
175°C 0.9% 2.4% 3.8% 5.3% 5.9% 8.2%
200°C 0.4% 0.9% 1.6% 2.2% 2.8% 3.7%
225°C
250°C

4-Stage Geothermal Resource & Infrastructure Funnel

Progressive screening from gross national territory down to grid-connected & populated prospective zones

1 Whole country
881 913 km² 100%
2 Reaches 185°C by 5.5 km
123 468 km² 14%
3 ...and within 50 km transmission
119 394 km² 13.5%
4 ...and within 100 km town
113 692 km² 11.7%

Geological Setting & Subsurface Parameters

Lithology, basement thickness, stress and thermal boundary constraints

Median Depth to 200°C Isotherm 8.4 km
Best 10th Percentile Depth to 200°C 6.6 km
Median Temperature at 5 km Depth 111.1 °C
Best 10th Percentile Temp at 5 km 159.8 °C
Median Sediment Thickness 2.4 km
Sediment / Hard-Rock Well Share 39.6%
Territory Under 1 km Sediment Cover 23.8%
Lithostatic Pressure at 5 km Depth 133.5 MPa
Moho Crustal Discontinuity Depth 33.7 km
Thermal Lithosphere Thickness 87.9 km
Curie Temperature Isotherm Depth 24.2 km
Model Temperature Spread Uncertainty (200°C) ±1 km

Transmission Grid & Demand Colocation

Infrastructure interconnectivity and urban power demand proximity

High-Voltage Transmission Network Length 33 891 km
Land Area Within 25 km of Grid 79.9%
Land Area Within 50 km of Grid 96.7%
Land Area Within 100 km of Grid 99.5%
Average Proximity to Nearest Substation / Line 17.3 km
Urban Centers (>10,000 Population) 214
Total Urban Population 23.6 M
Prospective Resource Colocated Near Demand (>1M Pop) 38.9%

Target Sensitivity & Deep EGS Upside

Sensitivity of prospective resource area to adjusted depth and temperature thresholds

150°C Baseline at 5.5 km 22.4% of national territory reaches 150°C at 5.5 km depth
185°C Baseline at 7.5 km 25.2% of national territory reaches 185°C at 7.5 km depth

Global Peer Benchmarking (vs. 278 Assessed Jurisdictions)

Relative ranking distribution of Pakistan across 11 standardized geothermal indicators

Pakistan Rank Global Peer Spread
Shallowest 200°C depth
6.1 km Lower 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 27th percentile
Peak temp at 5 km
169.2 °C Lower 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 28th percentile
Prospective land area (>185°C at 5.5 km)
14% Lower 25%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 23th percentile
Stored heat in-place (3-7 km)
299 ZJ Top 25%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 77th percentile
Typical geothermal gradient
33.4 °C/km Lower 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 48th percentile
Grid proximity (<50 km)
96.7% Top 10%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 97th percentile
Thin sediment coverage (<1 km)
23.8% Lower 25%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 24th percentile
Curie isotherm depth
24.2 km Lower 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 47th percentile
Moho crustal thickness
33.7 km Lower 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 39th percentile
Model temperature uncertainty spread
±1 km Middle 50%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 71th percentile
Urban demand colocation
33.5% Top 25%
P0 (Lowest) P50 (Median) P100 (Highest) • 82th percentile
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Analytical Geothermal Assessment & Discussion: Pakistan

Subsurface thermal interpretation, model uncertainty, infrastructure colocation, and resource quality analysis

Resource Overview

Geothermal assessment for Pakistan indicates sedimentary_rift geological controls governing subsurface heat transport, yielding 14% of land area reaching the baseline target of 185°C at 5.5 km depth.

Uncertainty & Model Variance

Thermal inversion across Pakistan shows consistent model convergence with constrained standard deviations across deep crustal layers.

Grid & Infrastructure Colocation

National electrical transmission coverage positions approximately 96.7% of prospective geothermal ground within 50 km of existing high-voltage corridors.

Geological & Basement Setting

Subsurface lithology is characterized by sedimentary rift dynamics with median sediment thickness of 2.4 km and crustal thickness of 33.7 km.

Stored Heat Volume

Accessible thermal energy in place between 3 km and 7 km depth above 80°C totals 299 Zettajoules (ZJ).

Peer Comparison

Benchmarked against 237 global assessment jurisdictions, Pakistan demonstrates competitive positioning across heat flow, infrastructure, and basement competence indicators.

Target Sensitivity Analysis

Screening at 150°C baseline at 5.5 km increases prospective territory, demonstrating substantial deep EGS resource headroom.

Screening Methodology, Parameters & Limitations

This screening assessment for Pakistan is generated from Geothermal Radar Data Pack 2026.1 utilizing global 0.1° hex-grid thermal inversion across 9 799 model cells (land area: 881 913 km²). Baseline prospective criterion is defined as reaching 185°C at or above 5.5 km depth with surface temperature normalized to 15°C.

  • Screening estimates represent regional-scale heat in place and do not replace localized 3D seismic or exploratory drilling.
  • Model uncertainties expand in regions with sparse deep boreholes and complex thrust fault kinematics.
  • Grid proximity indicators reflect line-of-sight distance to high-voltage transmission and do not account for local substation thermal capacity.
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